Ongoing incorrect breeding of animals with grossly exaggerated selection of exterior features causes more and more hidden malformations that are extremely difficult to diagnose and even more difficult to treat. In-depth understanding of form, function and pathology becomes indispensable. This talk will explain and discuss sophisticated techniques to diagnose and treat severe obstructions of the intranasal, nasopharyngeal and laryngeal airway. It will also cover complications and pitfalls of these techniques.