Most clinicians are confident in recognising nystagmus as a form of involuntary eye movement that is commonly observed in cases with vestibular dysfunction. However, other forms of involuntary eye movement exist that are widely reported in humans but have received little attention in veterinary medicine. This lecture will briefly discuss the neural control of eyeball position and movement, before summarising different forms of involuntary eye movements. This will include jerk nystagmus secondary to disorders of the vestibular system, and the often striking forms of saccadic oscillations that have been recently reported in veterinary medicine.