This talk will be divided into two parts. In the first part we shall discuss advanced techniques that may be used in the diagnosis of glaucoma. In human patients, pattern electoretinography (ERG) is considered the most sensitive and specific electrophysiological test in glaucoma patients. While pattern ERG recordings have been performed in animals, they are challenging (for reasons that will be discussed). The photopic negative response and the scotopic threshold response of the flash ERG are alternatives that you can use. Diagnostic imaging includes optical coherence tomography (OCT) that can be used to image both the retina and the anterior segment, including iridocorneal angle. The latter can also be imaged using ultrasound biomicroscopy. In the second part of the talk we shall discuss innovative therapies for glaucoma, including neuroprotection, gene therapy and stem cell therapy. Other novel treatment modalities, such as implants for slow release of glaucoma medications, are already in advanced stages of clinical studies.